Socio-demographic characteristics are related to the advanced clinical stage of oral cancer

BACKGROUND: Social determinants may be associated with the onset and progression of the clinical stage of oral cancer. AIM: To evaluate the impact of socio-demographic characteristics on the prevalence of advanced clinical stage of oral cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Information about 51,116 cases of oral cancer, from all Brazilian states, between 2000 and 2012, was obtained from the Cancer Registry Information System. The clinical stage of oral cancer (dependent variable) was classified as initial (stages I and II) or advanced (stages III and IV). The relationship between the clinical stage of oral cancer and the following independent variables was analyzed: sex, age, schooling, marital status, family history of cancer, and origin of referral. Analyses on frequency distribution and multivariate binary logistic regression model were performed (alfa < 0.05). RESULTS: Compared to individuals with no schooling, those who attended elementary to high school (OR = 2.461) and college education (OR = 3.050) had a higher prevalence of advanced cases of oral cancer. Individuals without a partner (OR = 14,209) demonstrated a higher prevalence compared to married individuals. Subjects aged 20-44 years (OR = 4.081) and 45-64 years (OR = 14.875) had a higher prevalence compared to those aged 15-19 years. The variables gender, family history of cancer and origin of referral integrated the binary model of logistic regression, but did not present statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: Socioeconomic factors may be related to the advanced clinical stage of oral cancer

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Sialoadenite esclerosante crônica em glândula salivar menor / Chronic sclerosing sialoadenitis in small salivary gland

A sialoadenite esclerosante crônica, também conhecida como tumor de Kutner, é uma condição, que acomete, predominantemente, glândulas salivares maiores. Clinicamente, apresenta-se como um nódulo, móvel, assintomático e de consistência endurecida. Seu diagnóstico definitivo só é conseguido através da análise histopatológica onde estão presentes: intenso infiltrado inflamatório linfocítico, atrofia acinar, fibrose do parênquima glandular e graus variáveis de esclerose. Neste artigo, é relatado um caso clínico raro de sialoadenite esclerosante crônica, localizada em glândula salivar menor... (AU)

Chronic sclerosing sialoadenitis, also known as Kutner's tumor, is a condition that predominantly affects major salivary glands. Clinically it presents as a nodule, mobile, asymptomatic, and of hardened consistency. Its definitive diagnosis is only achieved through the histopathological analysis where they are present: intense lymphocytic inflammatory infiltrate, acinar atrophy, fibrosis of the glandular parenchyma and variable degrees of sclerosis. In this article we report a rare clinical case of chronic sclerosing sialoadenitis located in the minor salivary gland... (AU)

Avaliação do nível de conhecimento dos estudantes de odontologia do centro universitário de João Pessoa em relação à prescrição de medicamentos / Evaluation of level of knowledge of students of dentistry center college of João Pessoa in relation to prescription drugs / Evaluación del nivel de conocimiento de los estudiantes de odontología del centro universitario de João Pessoa en relación a la prescripción de medicamentos

Introdução: A prescrição de medicamentos é uma ordem escrita e dirigida ao farmacêutico, que defini como o fármaco deve ser dispensado para o paciente. Objetivo: Analisar qual o nível de conhecimento dos estudantes de odontologia do Centro Universitário de João Pessoa ­ UNIPÊ sobre prescrição de medicamentos. Metodologia: Foi realizada uma pesquisa quantitativa e descritiva com alunos do 5º ao 10º período do curso de Odontologia do Centro Universitário de João Pessoa ­ UNIPÊ, localizado na Br 230, Km 22, Água Fria, João Pessoa, Paraíba. Foi utilizado como instrumento de coleta de dados desta pesquisa um questionário, estruturado e elaborado pelo aluno pesquisador e pelo professor orientador com base na fundamentação teórica estudada. O questionário é composto por 12 questões objetivas. Os dados da pesquisa foram coletados e após, analisados pelo Programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) versão 13.0. Resultados: A maior parte da amostra correspondeu ao gênero feminino, tendo entre 15 e 25 anos, solteiros e que se sentiam seguros em prescrever, a maioria não conhecem os tipos de medicamentos que por eles possam ser prescritos nem a lista que oferece ao profissional base de uma prescrição segura elaborada pelo Sistema Único de Saúde, que é a Relação Nacional de Medicamentos essenciais (RENAME). Conclusão: Ainda é baixo o nível de conhecimento dos estudantes de odontologia do Centro Universitário de João Pessoa em relação a os medicamentos contidos na lista de medicamentos essenciais (RENAME) do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS)(AU)

Introduction: The prescription of medicines is a written order and addressed to the pharmacist, which defined how the drug should be dispensed for the patient. Objective: To analyze the level of knowledge of dentistry students of the University Center of João Pessoa - UNIPÊ on prescription of medications. Methodology: A quantitative and descriptive study was carried out with students from the 5th to 10th period of the Dentistry course of the University Center of João Pessoa - UNIPÊ, located at Br 230, Km 22, Água Fria, João Pessoa, Paraíba. It was used as a data collection instrument of this research a questionnaire, structured and elaborated by the student researcher and the guiding teacher based on the theoretical foundation studied. The questionnaire consists of 12 objective questions. The survey data were collected and then analyzed by the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 13.0. Results: The majority of the sample corresponded to the female gender, between 15 and 25 years old, who were unmarried and who felt safe to prescribe, most do not know the types of drugs that can be prescribed by them or the list that offers the professional base of a safe prescription elaborated by the Unified Health System, which is the National List of Essential Medicines (RENAME). Conclusion: The level of knowledge of the dentistry students of the University Center of João Pessoa is still low in relation to the medicines contained in the list of essential medicines (RENAME) of the Unified Health System (SUS)(AU)

Introducción: La prescripción de medicamentos es una orden escrita y dirigida al farmacéutico, que define como el fármaco debe ser dispensado para el paciente. Objetivo: Analizar el nivel de conocimiento de los estudiantes de odontología del Centro Universitario de João Pessoa - UNIPÊ sobre prescripción de medicamentos. Metodología: Se realizó una investigación cuantitativa y descriptiva con alumnos del 5º al 10º período del curso de Odontología del Centro Universitario de João Pessoa - UNIPÊ, ubicado en la Br 230, Km 22, Agua Fría, João Pessoa, Paraíba. Se utilizó como instrumento de recolección de datos de esta investigación un cuestionario, estructurado y elaborado por el alumno investigador y por el profesor orientador con base en la fundamentación teórica estudiada. El cuestionario se compone de 12 cuestiones objetivas. Los datos de la encuesta fueron recolectados y después, analizados por el Programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) versión 13.0. Resultados: La mayor parte de la muestra correspondió al género femenino, entre 15 y 25 años, solteros y que se sentían seguros en prescribir, la mayoría no conocen los tipos de medicamentos que por ellos puedan ser prescritos ni la lista que ofrece al profesional base de una prescripción segura elaborada por el Sistema Único de Salud, que es la Relación Nacional de Medicamentos esenciales (RENAME). Conclusión: Aún es bajo el nivel de conocimiento de los estudiantes de odontología del Centro Universitario de João Pessoa en relación a los medicamentos contenidos en la lista de medicamentos esenciales (RENAME) del Sistema Único de Salud (SUS)(AU)

Effect of the use of a model with peer instruction for the teaching of membrane potential and action potential.

A group of teachers from Northeast Brazil developed a model of membrane potentials and action potential and tested the hypothesis that using the peer-instruction model would provide a better performance for students in reading traditional texts and lectures. The results were obtained from 357 students from 20 different courses in 9 different undergraduate programs. All students attended two 100-min theoretical lecture and, at the end of the second lecture, were asked to answer a multiple-choice question (a pretest). In the following lecture, students were divided into three groups: control, text, and model. At the end of the lecture, everyone responded to a posttest. Student performance in the pretest did not differ significantly between groups. In the comparison between the pretest and the posttest, students in the model and text groups significantly improved their performance, but there was no improvement in the control group. In the posttest, the model group presented a better performance than the control group. In the evaluation of the strategies used, 46% of the students indicated that the text would be very useful to remind them about the subject in the future, whereas 80% of those who used the model indicated that it would be very useful or extremely useful. useful. Although it was not possible to support the hypothesis conclusively, the performance model group, at least in part, was due to the use of active methodologies that constitute a differential in the teaching-learning process.